F 105 Thunderbirds - The Republic F-105 Thunderchief was an American supersonic fighter-bomber that served in the United States Air Force from 1958 to 1984. Mach 2 capable, this aircraft carried out most of the attack bombing missions in the early years of the Vietnam War; It was the only American aircraft to be withdrawn from combat due to high loss rates.
Originally designed as a single-seat, nuclear attack aircraft; Later, a two-seat Wild Weasel version was developed to specifically suppress the emy Air Defses (SEAD) role against surface-to-air missile zones. The F-105 was commonly called "Thud" by its crew.
F 105 Thunderbirds
A successor to the Mach 1-capable North American F-100 Super Sabre, the F-105 is armed with missiles and rotary cannon; However, its design allows for high-speed low-altitude penetration and carrying a nuclear warhead internally. First flown in 1955, the Thunderchief entered service in 1958. World War II, namely the single-engine F-105, the Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress and the combined B-24 Liberator. It could deliver a higher bomb load than some American heavy bombers of World War II. The F-105 was one of the premier attack aircraft of the Vietnam War; More than 20,000 Thunderchiefs were flown, with 382 aircraft lost, including 62 operational (non-combat) casualties (833 aircraft produced). Although less active than the smaller MiG fighters, USAF F-105s claimed 27.5 kills.
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During the war, the single-seat F-105D was the primary aircraft to drop heavy bomb loads on various military targets. Meanwhile, the two-seat F-105F and F-105G Wild Weasel variants of the Soviet-made S-75 Dvina (NATO reporting name: SA-2 Guide) became the first dedicated SEAD platforms to combat surface-to-air missiles. Two Wild Weasel pilots were awarded the Medal of Honor for attacking North Vietnamese surface-to-air missile sites that shot down two MiG-17s on the same day. Dangerous missions often had to be "first in, last out," with Amy Van securing the defense as the attack aircraft completed their mission and left the area.
When the Thunderchief entered service, it was the largest single-seat, single-engine fighter in history, weighing approximately 50,000 pounds (23,000 kg).
The F-105 can carry up to 14,000 lb (6,400 kg) of bombs and missiles. The Thunderchief was later replaced by the McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II and the winged General Dynamics F-111 Aardvark as attack aircraft in North Vietnam. However, "Wild Weasel" variants of the F-105 remained in service until 1984 when they were replaced by the specialized F-4G "Wild Weasel V".
Republic Aviation launched the Thundercheap as an internal project to replace the RF-84F Thunderflash, which originally used the characteristic wing root air intake to accommodate cameras in the nose. The design team, led by Alexander Kartveli, studied about 108 configurations before deciding on the AP-63-31, a large, single-engine AP-63FBX (advanced Project 63 fighter-bomber, experimental), specifically the AP-63-31.
Thunderbirds F 100d Super Sabre
The new aircraft was primarily designed to launch supersonic, low-altitude domestically-carried nuclear warheads. Emphasis is placed on low-altitude speed and flight characteristics, range and payload. This aircraft is equipped with a large fin and relatively small wing with high wing loading for stable ride at low altitudes and low drag at supersonic speeds.
Originally for this reason, the US Air Force awarded the Republic a contract for 199 aircraft in September 1952.
However, in March 1953, the USAF reduced the order to 37 fighter-bombers and nine tactical reconnaissance aircraft, citing the imminent threat of the Korean War. By the time the F-105 was completed in October 1953, the aircraft had become so large that the Allison J71 turbojet designed for it was dropped in favor of the more powerful Pratt & Whitney J75. The first aircraft envisioning long-term development of the engine was expected to use the smaller Pratt & Whitney J57. Near 1953, the tire program was canceled by the USAF due to continued delays and uncertainties regarding the aircraft. However, on June 28, 1954, the USAF ordered 15 F-105s (two YF-105A, four YF-105B, six F-105B, and three RF-105B) under the weapons system designation WS-306A.
The YF-105A prototype first flew on October 22, 1955, and the second YF-105A flew on January 28, 1956.
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Although powered by a less powerful J57-P-25 engine with an afterburning thrust of 15,000 lb-force (67 kN), the first prototype achieved Mach 1.2 on its first flight. (The J75 was expected to produce 24,500 lbf (109 kN) with the afterburner.)
Both aircraft had traditional wing root air intakes and plate-edge fuselages typical of early jet aircraft; Due to the large number of modifications prior to production, Republic did not view the prototypes as representative of the aircraft's true capability.
Convair's experience with its F-102s, as well as aerodynamic problems with insufficient power and transonic drag, led to the fuselage being redesigned to conform to Field's rule, giving it a characteristic "Wasp waist".
Combined with unique forward-swept variable geometry air intakes that regulate airflow to the engine at supersonic speeds, and the J75 engine, this redesign allowed the F-105B to achieve Mach 2.15.
Republic F 105 Thunderchief Hi Res Stock Photography And Images
To carry out the nuclear mission, the MA-8 fire control system, the AN/APG-31 range radar, and a K-19 gun sight were integrated to permit the launch of the bomber.
Five F-105C trainer variants were added to the delivery program in June 1956, canceled in 1957. The RF-105 reconnaissance variant was canceled in July 1956.
In June 1957, Republic Aviation requested that the F-105 be named the Thunderchief, continuing the line of the company's Thunder aircraft, the P-47 Thunderbolt, the F-84 Thunderjet, and the F-84F Thunderstreak. The USAF formalized the name a month later.
Republic proposed the F-105D variant in 1957 to meet the Air Force's all-weather attack needs. This version featured a larger nose and radome AN/ASG-19 Thunderstick bombardment/navigation system. The AN/ASG-19 is designed around the Autonetics R-14A radar and the AN/APN-131 Doppler navigation radar for air-to-air and air-to-ground operations. In the cockpit, the F-105D had vertical band display screens for adverse weather operations. Added TX-43 nuclear warhead capability. RF-105 reconnaissance development has also now resumed based on the F-105D. The first D Model made its first flight on June 9, 1959.
North American F 100d Super Sabre
Plans to build more than 1,500 F-105Ds were stymied when Defense Secretary Robert McNamara decided to equip several fighter wings of the type. In November 1961, production ceased in favor of the Air Force adopting the Navy's F-4 Phantom II.
The last 143 Thunderchiefs built were of the two-seat F-105F trainer type. Based on the F-105D, this model was 31 inches (79 cm) aft to accommodate the cockpit; Otherwise, the aircraft had the same flight performance as the previous F-105D.
The F-105 was designed for a short nuclear campaign, resulting in deficiencies in the old conventional war, such as a poor hydraulic system and non-self-sealing fuel tanks.
Subsequent upgrades have improved the reliability and weapons capability of the existing F-105Ds. In response to the surface-to-air missile (SAM) threat over Vietnamese skies, dozens of F-105Fs were converted to anti-radar "Wild Weasel" aircraft, resulting in the F-105G.
Thunderbirds F 105b Thunderchief
The F-105 is a mid-wing monoplane with 45° swept wing and tail surfaces. A single Gine fed through two inlets in the wing roots and released the nose into a radome containing multiple radars.
Its hull provided space for 1,184 US gallons (4,480 L) of fuel and an internal bomb bay. Bomb bay 15 ft 10 in (4.83 m) x 32 in (0.81 m) x 32 in (0.81 m); It was originally designed to carry a nuclear warhead, but typically has an additional 350 US gallons (1,300 L) fuel tank.
It had four lower wings and a stern mast; Two inboard wing and kter line struts were able to accept fuel from 450 and 650 US gal (1,700 and 2,500 L) drop tanks. Two external dry stations were wired for missiles or shells.
One M61 Vulcan (originally designated T-171E3) 20mm 6-barreled Gatling-style cannon mounted on the left side of the nose. A short-range AIM-9 Sidewinder air-to-air missile can be carried on each of the outer wing pylons.
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The F-105 was designed primarily for low-level isolation, and its low altitude speed was its biggest advantage when dealing with MiG-17/J-5s.
Based on combat experience, the F-105D has been upgraded with a better ejection seat, additional armor, improved gun sights and electronic countermeasures (ECM) pods on the wings.
Former North American F-86 Saber pilot Jerry Noel Hoblit recalls being amazed by the size of the F-105 after seeing it for the first time; Running and jumping could not reach the air intake (house). The F-105 had a spacious cockpit (especially after the release of "cassette" instruments); Advanced electronics were easy to learn and operate. Takeoffs and landings were typically performed at 230 mph (370 km/h). The spoiler provided good roll control at all speeds and the unique four-leaf air brakes (which worked slightly when the afterburner was adjusted to allow for more flow).
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